The original bug report did not mention ls (note serhiy.storchaka). It is a red herring.

I accept that the Python community doesn't care to have glob.glob sorted.
But then I think you should distance yourself from the shell in the documentation.

It currently says:
"The glob module finds all the pathnames matching a specified pattern according to the rules used by the Unix shell"

You could say something like:
"The glob module finds all the pathnames matching a specified pattern, using a syntax inspired by the Unix shell; unlike Unix shell the ordering is not guaranteed"