Home Original page

CHAYKA

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

53°07′51″N 34°54′45″E / 53.13083°N 34.91250°E

Chayka pulse

Chayka (Russian: Чайка, lit. "gull") also known as Radiotekhnicheskaya Sistema Dal'ney Navigatsii abbreviated as RSDN (lit. Radio-technology System for Distant Navigation) is a Russian terrestrial radio navigation system, similar to Loran-C. It operates on similar frequencies around 100 kHz, and uses the same techniques of comparing both the envelope and the signal phase to accurately determine location. The systems differ primarily in details.

At the hill – RSDN-3/10, Crimea

Chayka, like LORAN-C, uses different pulse repetition frequencies (Group Repetition Intervals, or GRIs) to allow the identification of different stations operating on the same frequencies.

There are 5 Chayka chains in use:

  • GRI 8000 — Western (European) Russia Chayka Chain (1969, RSDN-3/10)
  • GRI 7950 — Eastern Russia Chayka Chain (1986, RSDN-4)
  • GRI 5980 — Russian-American Chayka Chain (1995)
  • GRI 5960 — Northern Chayka Chain (1996, RSDN-5)
  • GRI 4970 — North-Western Chayka Chain
  • And also North-Caucasian, South-Ural (GRI 5970), Siberian, Angarsk, Sayansk, Transbaikalian, Far East chains deployed on the basis of low-power mobile stations RSDN-10.

Chayka Transmitters

[edit]

The following Chayka transmitters work with very high power and may use very tall mast antennas (similar to LORAN-C transmitters). The masts at Dudinka and Taymylyr (demolished in 2009) were 460 metres high.

# Place Coordinates Emission delay, μs Coding delay, μs Transmission power, kW
M Karachev (44 km from Bryansk) 53°7′50.6″N 34°54′44.8″E / 53.130722°N 34.912444°E 450
W/1 Petrozavodsk 61°45′32.4″N 33°41′40.4″E / 61.759000°N 33.694556°E 13217.21 10000 700
X/2 Slonim (Belarus) 53°7′55.2″N 25°23′46″E / 53.132000°N 25.39611°E 27125.00 25000 450
Y/3 Simferopol 44°53′20.18″N 33°52′23.79″E / 44.8889389°N 33.8732750°E 53070.25 50000 550
Z/4 Syzran 53°17′17.6″N 48°6′53.4″E / 53.288222°N 48.114833°E 67941.60 65000 700
# Place Coordinates Emission delay, μs Coding delay, μs Transmission power, kW
M Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky 51°4′42.81″N 142°42′4.95″E / 51.0785583°N 142.7013750°E 700
W/1 Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky 53°7′48.26″N 157°41′49.1″E / 53.1300722°N 157.696972°E 14506.5 11000 700
X/2 Ussuriysk 44°31′58.24″N 131°38′28.6″E / 44.5328444°N 131.641278°E 33678.0 30000 700
Y/3 Tokachibuto (Japan) 42°44′37.2″N 143°43′10.5″E / 42.743667°N 143.719583°E 49104.15 46000 600
Z/4 Okhotsk 59°25′1.77″N 143°5′18.68″E / 59.4171583°N 143.0885222°E 64102.05 61000 10
# Place Coordinates Emission delay, μs Coding delay, μs Transmission power, kW
M Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky 53°7′48.26″N 157°41′49.1″E / 53.1300722°N 157.696972°E 700
W/1 Attu Island (United States) 52°49′44″N 173°10′49.7″E / 52.82889°N 173.180472°E 14506.5 11000 400
X/2 Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky 51°4′42.80″N 142°42′4.95″E / 51.0785556°N 142.7013750°E 31506.5 28000 700

(No longer in service)

# Place Coordinates Emission delay, μs Coding delay, μs Transmission power, kW
M Dudinka 69°21′45.20″N 86°41′50.56″E / 69.3625556°N 86.6973778°E 1200
W/1 Taymylyr 72°34′48.92″N 122°06′40.29″E / 72.5802556°N 122.1111917°E 1200
X/2 Pankratiev Island 76°7′34″N 60°12′55″E / 76.12611°N 60.21528°E 250
Y/3 Inta 65°57′59.57″N 60°18′33.5″E / 65.9665472°N 60.309306°E 1200
# Place Coordinates Emission delay, μs Coding delay, μs Transmission power, kW
M Inta 65°57′59.57″N 60°18′33.5″E / 65.9665472°N 60.309306°E 1200
W/1 Tumanny 69°3′8.4″N 35°40′14.3″E / 69.052333°N 35.670639°E
X/2 Pankratiev Island 76°7′34″N 60°12′55″E / 76.12611°N 60.21528°E 250
# Place Coordinates Emission delay, μs Coding delay, μs Transmission power, kW
M Yuzhno-Uralsk 54°23.1′N 61°20.6′E / 54.3850°N 61.3433°E
W/1 Yekaterinburg 56°44.8′N 60°31.6′E / 56.7467°N 60.5267°E 15895,1 15000
X/2 Kurgan 55°22.2′N 65°22.6′E / 55.3700°N 65.3767°E 30939,5 30000