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The following article is from The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1979). It might be outdated or ideologically biased.

Sphyrna

 

the sole genus of the family Sphyrnidae (hammer-head sharks). The head is hammer-shaped, with eyes located on the end of its large lateral extensions. The body is up to 6 m long and weighs up to 450 kg. There are nine species of hammerheads, distributed in the warm waters of all oceans. The smooth hammerhead (Sphyrna zygaena) enters moderately Warm seas in the summer and has been observed near the shores of the Primor’e. Hammerheads are viviparous, bearing as many as 40 young. They feed mainly on benthic fishes and invertebrates. Large hammerheads are harmful to man. The sharks are of minor commercial value.

The Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition (1970-1979). © 2010 The Gale Group, Inc. All rights reserved.

References in periodicals archive ?

Ecologia trofica del tiburon martillo Sphyrna zygaena (Linnaeus, 1758) en aguas Ecuatorianas.

Samples of Sphyrna lewini were collected weekly from September 2004 to June 2006 at the Chipehua fishing camp located on the Oaxacan coast (16[degrees]02'3.422"N, 95[degrees]22'6.49''W).

The scalloped hammerhead, Sphyrna lewini, was the most frequently observed species (15.2%).

Geographic variation in reproduction between two populations of the bonnethead shark, Sphyrna tiburo.

Among the species of Sphyrna commonly captured in Brazil, S.

He was the first to conduct field studies of numerous elasmobranchs, and wrote papers on the feeding habits of the Great Hammerhead, Sphyrna mokarran (Gudger, 1907), natural history notes on the sharks and rays of Beaufort, North Carolina (Gudger, 1912), and the feeding habits of the Tiger Shark, Galeocerdo cuvier (Gudger, 1948a, 1948b, 1949).

Species that have become sporadic or rare in the Mediterranean Sea include the great white shark, shortfin mako, porbeagle, sandtiger (Carcharias taurus), smooth hammerhead (Sphyrna zygaena), sandbar shark (Carcharhinus plumbeus), bramble shark (Echinorhinus brucus), and angular roughshark (Oxynotus centrina).

The addition of these species (green jack, Caranx caballus; pile surfperch, Damalichthys vacca; middling thread herring, Opisthonema medirastre; white surfperch, Phanerodon furcatus; Pacific sierra, Scomberomorus sierra; scalloped hammerhead, Sphyrna lewini; angel shark, Squatina californiaca; leopard shark, Triakis semifasciata) brings the total up to 86 species, even closer to the predicted number of 89 species.

Our gross anatomical explorations of several species of shark--spiny dogfish, Squalus acanthias; black tip, Carcharhinus limbatus; smooth dogfish, Mustelus canis; scalloped hammerhead, Sphyrna lewini, and Atlantic sharpnose, Rhizoprionodon terraenovae--did not reveal the presence of alkaline glands in these elasmobranchs.

Assessment of acid--base derangements among bonnethead (Sphyrna tiburo), bull (Carcharhinus leucas), and lemon (Negaprion brevirostris) sharks from gillnet and longline capture and handling methods.