Eley-Rideal model and Langmuir-Hinshelwood models were applied to determine the surface reaction mechanism.

The only difference between steadfastness of nations and their progress or between their inability and delay is in the availability of responses that go beyond surface reaction to achieve pride.

In shrinking core model, if the reaction is controlled by surface reaction,

The decolorization of AO7 in the UV/Fe0 combined system can be described by Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) model, which considers the adsorption of AO7 on the Fe0 surface, surface reaction, and the desorption of the AO7 reaction products [35].

The Henry isotherm is used to describe the surface reaction. Let us recall the upscaled 1D advection diffusion reaction equation from [21].

Watanabe, "Photoinduced surface reaction on Ti[O.sub.2] and SrTi[O.sub.3] films: photocatalytic oxidation and photoinduced hydrophilicity," Chemistry of Materials, vol.

Surface reaction ratio, which represents a reaction ratio in the state at a depth of about 1 [micro]m from the membrane surface, was calculated using the ATR-FTIR spectral intensity.

Earth scientists consider such aspects as pore-scale controls on reaction-driven fracturing, pore-scale process coupling and effective surface reaction rates in heterogeneous subsurface materials, micro-continuum approaches for modeling pore-scale geochemical processes, how porosity increases during incipient weathering of crystalline silicate rocks, and mesoscale and hybrid models of fluid flow and solute transport.