[ Alternate form of test arch Print machine hardware name b2sum Print or check BLAKE2 digests base32 Transform data into printable data base64 Transform data into printable data basename Strip directory and suffix from a file name basenc Transform data into printable data cat Concatenate and write files chcon Change SELinux context of file chgrp Change group ownership chmod Change access permissions chown Change file owner and group chroot Run a command with a different root directory cksum Print CRC checksum and byte counts comm Compare two sorted files line by line coreutils Multi-call program cp Copy files and directories csplit Split a file into context-determined pieces cut Print selected parts of lines date Print or set system date and time dd Convert and copy a file df Report file system disk space usage dir Briefly list directory contents dircolors Color setup for ls dirname Strip last file name component du Estimate file space usage ✓ echo Print a line of text env Run a command in a modified environment expand Convert tabs to spaces expr Evaluate expressions factor Print prime factors ✓ false Do nothing, unsuccessfully fmt Reformat paragraph text fold Wrap input lines to fit in specified width groups Print group names a user is in ✓ head Output the first part of files hostid Print numeric host identifier hostname Print or set system name id Print user identity install Copy files and set attributes join Join lines on a common field kill Send a signal to processes link Make a hard link via the link syscall ln Make links between files logname Print current login name ls List directory contents md5sum Print or check MD5 digests mkdir Make directories mkfifo Make FIFOs (named pipes) mknod Make block or character special files mktemp Create temporary file or directory mv Move (rename) files nice Run a command with modified niceness nl Number lines and write files nohup Run a command immune to hangups nproc Print the number of available processors numfmt Reformat numbers od Write files in octal or other formats paste Merge lines of files pathchk Check file name validity and portability pinky Lightweight finger pr Paginate or columnate files for printing printenv Print all or some environment variables printf Format and print data ptx Produce permuted indexes pwd Print working directory readlink Print value of a symlink or canonical file name realpath Print the resolved file name rm Remove files or directories ✓ rmdir Remove empty directories runcon Run a command in specified SELinux context seq Print numeric sequences sha1sum Print or check SHA-1 digests sha224sum Print or check SHA-2 224 bit digests sha256sum Print or check SHA-2 256 bit digests sha384sum Print or check SHA-2 384 bit digests sha512sum Print or check SHA-2 512 bit digests shred Remove files more securely shuf Shuffling text sleep Delay for a specified time sort Sort text files split Split a file into pieces stat Report file or file system status stdbuf Run a command with modified I/O stream buffering stty Print or change terminal characteristics sum Print checksum and block counts sync Synchronize cached writes to persistent storage tac Concatenate and write files in reverse ✓ tail Output the last part of files tee Redirect output to multiple files or processes test Check file types and compare values timeout Run a command with a time limit touch Change file timestamps tr Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters ✓ true Do nothing, successfully truncate Shrink or extend the size of a file tsort Topological sort tty Print file name of terminal on standard input uname Print system information unexpand Convert spaces to tabs uniq Uniquify files unlink Remove files via the unlink syscall uptime Print system uptime and load users Print login names of users currently logged in vdir Verbosely list directory contents wc Print newline, word, and byte counts who Print who is currently logged in whoami Print effective user ID ✓ yes Print a string until interrupted