from functools import partial
from partial2 import partial as partial2, Placeholder

_ = VOID = Placeholder()

%timeit partial(opr.sub, 1, 2)     # 130 ns
%timeit partial2(opr.sub, 1, 2)    # 155 ns

p1 = partial(opr.sub, 1)
p2 = partial2(opr.sub, 1)
p3 = partial2(opr.sub, _, 1)
p4 = partial2(opr.sub, VOID, 1)

print(p1(2))    # -1
print(p2(2))    # -1
print(p3(2))    # 1
print(p4(2))    # 1

%timeit p1(2)   # 48 ns
%timeit p2(2)   # 52 ns
%timeit p3(2)   # 54 ns
%timeit p4(2)   # 54 ns

def partial(func, *p_args, **p_kwds):
    p_args = list(p_args)
    nvoid = sum(a is VOID for a in p_args)
    arng = range(len(p_args))

    def wrapper(*args, **kwds):
        if len(args) < nvoid:
            raise ValueError('Not all VOIDs are filled')
        t_args = p_args.copy()
        j = 0
        for i in arng:
            if p_args[i] is VOID:
                t_args[i] = args[j]
                j += 1
        t_args.extend(args[j:])
        return func(*t_args, **{**p_kwds, **kwds})
    return wrapper

if (np) {
        nargs_new = pto_nargs + nargs - np;
        Py_ssize_t ip = 0;
        for (Py_ssize_t i=0; i < pto_nargs; i++) {
            if (PyObject_TypeCheck(pto_args[i], &placeholderType)){
                memcpy(stack + i, args + ip, 1 * sizeof(PyObject*));
                ip += 1;
            } else {
                memcpy(stack + i, pto_args + i, 1 * sizeof(PyObject*));
            }
        }
        if (nargs_total > np){
            memcpy(stack + pto_nargs, args + np, (nargs_total - np) * sizeof(PyObject*));
        }
    // EO Placeholders ------
    } else {