Throughout this manual, we assume the `control` package has been

imported as `ct`.

LTI system representation

=========================

argument or using the explicit conversion functions :func:`ss2tf` and

:func:`tf2ss`.

Simulating LTI systems

======================

A number of functions are available for computing the output (and

state) response of an LTI systems:

.. autosummary::

:toctree: generated/

:template: custom-class-template.rst

initial_response

step_response

impulse_response

forced_response

Each of these functions returns a :class:`TimeResponseData` object

that contains the data for the time response (described in more detail

in the next section).

The :func:`forced_response` system is the most general and allows by

the zero initial state response to be simulated as well as the

response from a non-zero intial condition.

In addition the :func:`input_output_response` function, which handles

simulation of nonlinear systems and interconnected systems, can be

used. For an LTI system, results are generally more accurate using

the LTI simulation functions above. The :func:`input_output_response`

function is described in more detail in the :ref:`iosys-module` section.

.. currentmodule:: control

.. _time-series-convention:

Time series data

================

----------------

A variety of functions in the library return time series data: sequences of

values that change over time. A common set of conventions is used for

returning such data: columns represent different points in time, rows are

* freqplot.dB (False): Bode plot magnitude plotted in dB (otherwise powers

of 10)

* freqplot.deg (True): Bode plot phase plotted in degrees (otherwise radians)

* freqplot.Hz (False): Bode plot frequency plotted in Hertz (otherwise

rad/sec)

* freqplot.grid (True): Include grids for magnitude and phase plots

* freqplot.number_of_samples (1000): Number of frequency points in Bode plots

* freqplot.feature_periphery_decade (1.0): How many decades to include in

the frequency range on both sides of features (poles, zeros).