Allow configuring the clr-loader runtime to use via environment variables

Configuring the runtime has essentially three common cases:

  1. .NET Framework
  2. Mono with a globally accessible libmono.so
  3. .NET Core

To make this easier to use (and hide clr_loader a bit), I propose that we introduce a new environment variable PYTHONNET_RUNTIME that configures what happens if one just imports clr, and a corresponding pythonnet.configure function with some simple parameters.