In an alternate reality (specifically, the reality of The Doctor), the cyber-web was the hive mind of the Cybermen, somewhat equivalent to the Borg Collective.
History and specifics[]
Similarly to the Borg, the Cybermen would absorb lifeforms into the cyber-web hive mind, fitting their bodies with technology components. (TNG - Assimilation² comic: "Issue 8")

Appendices[]
References[]
- TNG - Assimilation² comic: "Issue 8"
External link[]
- Cyber-web article at Tardis Data Core, the Doctor Who wiki