Abnormal placentation is another complication of RHP.

In patients with abnormal placentation, placenta is firmly bound to the defective decidua basalis layer or even the myometrium, giving rise to varying degrees of adherent placenta.

Abnormal placentation: placenta previa, vasa previa, and placenta accreta.

One way ANOVA (analysis of variance) in SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) version 16 for windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) were applied to look at the level of variation in biochemical indicators in amniotic fluid at placentation and fetal growth stage of pregnancy.

Implantation and placentation are crucial processes in the development and maintenance of a successful pregnancy (3).

A variety of proangiogenic (PlGF and VEGF) and anti-angiogenic factors sFltl are increased by the developing placenta, and the balance among these factors is important for normal placentation. Deficient trophoblastic invasion of the maternal tissue can lead to pregnancy complications, such as IUGR and preeclampsia, while excessive invasion can lead to MAP, such as PP (14).

It is likely to be elapsed from a model composed of two interrelated stages: abnormal placentation and maternal inflammatory response [31, 32].

Uterine surgery can predispose to future pregnancy complications to include abnormal placentation and vascular lesions such as arteriovenous malformations and fistulas and pseudoaneurysms [1, 2].

Both pro- and antiinflammatory cytokines play a role in implantation, placentation, and pregnancy success [22].

Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are expressed at the site of placentation by Natural Killer cells (NK cells).

The hospital is not equipped to care for preterm infants, so deliveries earlier than 36 weeks are referred, as are patients with abnormal placentation or fetal anomalies detected on ultrasound.