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selenium自动化测试工具python笔试面试项目实战5键盘操作

说明

本文参考答案基于Chrome，分辨率1920*1080，在其他环境表现可能会不同。 本文代码地址

  • 参考书籍下载：

Learning Selenium Testing Tools with Python-2014.pdf

Selenium自动化测试 基于 Python 语言 - 2018.pdf

上机实操: 在新的TAB打开连接

  • 打开：https://china-testing.github.io/
  • 选择"数据分析"栏目的文章
  • 按住"Ctrl+TAB"选择"python"栏目的文章
  • 切换到新的标签"python"
  • 关闭新的标签"python"
  • 关闭浏览器

参考答案

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#  qq群144081101 567351477
# CreateDate: 2018-10-17
import time

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys


driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://china-testing.github.io/")
driver.implicitly_wait(30)
driver.maximize_window()
element = driver.find_element_by_link_text('数据分析')
element.click()
time.sleep(3)
element = driver.find_element_by_link_text('python')
ActionChains(driver).key_down(Keys.CONTROL).click(element).key_up(
    Keys.CONTROL).perform()
time.sleep(3)
driver.switch_to.window(driver.window_handles[1])
time.sleep(3)
driver.close() # 关闭当前TAB
time.sleep(3)
driver.quit()

  • 面试问答

  • driver.quit() 和 driver.close()有什么区别？

2.selenium中按下和松开键如何表示？

3.简述ActionChains类的作用？

上机实操: 验证悬浮提示内容

  • 打开：http://jqueryui.com/tooltip/

图片.png

  • 鼠标移动到上图的"Your age:"
  • 确认悬浮提示内容为'We ask for your age only for statistical purposes.'

  • 关闭浏览器

  • 参考答案

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#  qq群144081101 567351477
# CreateDate: 2018-10-17
import unittest
import time

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains


class ToolTipTest (unittest.TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()
        self.driver.get("http://jqueryui.com/tooltip/")
        self.driver.implicitly_wait(30)
        self.driver.maximize_window()

    def test_tool_tip(self):
        driver = self.driver

        frame_elm = driver.find_element_by_class_name('demo-frame')
        driver.switch_to.frame(frame_elm)

        time.sleep(3)
        age_field = driver.find_element_by_id('age')
        ActionChains(self.driver).move_to_element(age_field).perform()

        time.sleep(3)
        tool_tip_elm = WebDriverWait(self.driver, 10).until(
            expected_conditions.visibility_of_element_located((
                By.CLASS_NAME, 'ui-tooltip-content')))

        # verify tooltip message
        self.assertEqual('We ask for your age only for statistical purposes.', 
                         tool_tip_elm.text)
        time.sleep(3)

    def tearDown(self):
        self.driver.close()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main(verbosity=2)
  • 面试问答

1.move_to_element()有什么用途?

上机实操: 双击改变颜色

  • 打开：http://api.jquery.com/dblclick/

图片.png

  • 双击上图蓝色的框，把颜色该变成黄色

  • 参考答案

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#  qq群144081101 567351477
# CreateDate: 2018-10-18

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
import unittest


class DoubleClickTest (unittest.TestCase):

    URL = 'http://api.jquery.com/dblclick/'

    def setUp(self):
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()
        self.driver.get(self.URL)
        self.driver.maximize_window()

    def test_double_click(self):
        driver = self.driver
        frame = driver.find_element_by_tag_name('iframe')
        driver.switch_to.frame(frame)
        box = driver.find_element_by_tag_name('div')

        # verify color is Blue
        self.assertEqual('rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)',
                         box.value_of_css_property('background-color'))

        ActionChains(driver).move_to_element(
            driver.find_element_by_tag_name('body')).perform()
        ActionChains(driver).double_click(box).perform()

        # verify Color is Yellow
        self.assertEqual('rgba(255, 255, 0, 1)',
                         box.value_of_css_property('background-color'))

    def tearDown(self):
        self.driver.close()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main(verbosity=2)
  • 面试问答

1.double_click()有什么用途?

2.rgba的含义？

上机实操: 在新的TAB打开连接

  • 打开：http://jqueryui.com/resources/demos/droppable/default.html

图片.png

  • 拖动左边的框到右边

参考答案

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#  qq群144081101 567351477
# CreateDate: 2018-10-18
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
import unittest


class DragAndDropTest (unittest.TestCase):

    URL = 'http://jqueryui.com/resources/demos/droppable/default.html'

    def setUp(self) :
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()
        self.driver.get(self.URL)
        self.driver.maximize_window()

    def test_drag_and_drop(self):
        driver = self.driver

        source = driver.find_element_by_id('draggable')
        target = driver.find_element_by_id('droppable')

        ActionChains(self.driver).drag_and_drop(source, target).perform()
        self.assertEqual('Dropped!', target.text)

    def tearDown(self):
        self.driver.close()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main(verbosity=2)
  • 面试问答

1.drag_and_drop()有什么用途?

selenium 上机实操: 下拉刷新框中所有内容(实现)

  • 打开：http://www.webscrapingfordatascience.com/complexjavascript/
  • 抓取框中所有内容。该框按住鼠标中键下滚，会有刷新内容，直至完全加载

图片.png

参考答案

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#  qq群144081101 567351477
# CreateDate: 2018-10-18

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.common.exceptions import TimeoutException
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys

class at_least_n_elements_found(object):
    def __init__(self, locator, n):
        self.locator = locator
        self.n = n

    def __call__(self, driver):
        elements = driver.find_elements(*self.locator)
        if len(elements) >= self.n:
            return elements
        else:
            return False

url = 'http://www.webscrapingfordatascience.com/complexjavascript/'
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get(url)
# Use an implicit wait for cases where we don't use an explicit one
driver.implicitly_wait(10)
div_element = driver.find_element_by_class_name('infinite-scroll')
quotes_locator = (By.CSS_SELECTOR, ".quote:not(.decode)")

nr_quotes = 0
while True:

    # Scroll down to the bottom, now using action (chains)
    action_chain = ActionChains(driver)
    # Move to our quotes block
    action_chain.move_to_element(div_element)
    # Click it to give it focus
    action_chain.click()
    # Press the page down key about 10 ten times
    action_chain.send_keys([Keys.PAGE_DOWN for i in range(10)])
    # Do these actions
    action_chain.perform()

    # Try to fetch at least nr_quotes+1 quotes
    try:
        all_quotes = WebDriverWait(driver, 3).until(
            at_least_n_elements_found(quotes_locator, nr_quotes + 1))
    except TimeoutException as ex:
        # No new quotes found within 3 seconds, assume this is all there is
        print("... done!")
        break

    # Otherwise, update the quote counter
    nr_quotes = len(all_quotes)
    print("... now seeing", nr_quotes, "quotes")

# all_quotes will contain all the quote elements
print(len(all_quotes), 'quotes found\n')
for quote in all_quotes:
    print(quote.text)
input('Press ENTER to close the automated browser')
driver.quit()
  • 面试问答

1.如何模拟鼠标中键下滚?

参考资料