std::real(std::complex) - cppreference.com

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Defined in header `<complex>`
	(1)
`template< class T > T real( const std::complex<T>& z );`			(until C++14)
`template< class T > constexpr T real( const std::complex<T>& z );`			(since C++14)
Additional overloads (since C++11)
Defined in header `<complex>`
		(A)
`float real( float f ); double real( double f ); long double real( long double f );`				(until C++14)
`constexpr float real( float f ); constexpr double real( double f ); constexpr long double real( long double f );`				(since C++14) (until C++23)
`template< class FloatingPoint > constexpr FloatingPoint real( FloatingPoint f );`				(since C++23)
			(B)
`template< class Integer > double real( Integer i );`					(until C++14)
`template< class Integer > constexpr double real( Integer i );`					(since C++14)

1) Returns the real part of the complex number z, i.e. z.real().

A,B) Additional overloads are provided for all integer and floating-point types, which are treated as complex numbers with zero imaginary part.

(since C++11)

1) The real part of z.

A) f.

B) static_cast<double>(i).

The additional overloads are not required to be provided exactly as (A,B). They only need to be sufficient to ensure that for their argument num:

If num has a standard(until C++23) floating-point type T, then std::real(num) has the same effect as std::real(std::complex<T>(num)).
Otherwise, if num has an integer type, then std::real(num) has the same effect as std::real(std::complex<double>(num)).