culture - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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From Middle French culture (“cultivation; culture”), from Latin cultūra (“cultivation; culture”), from cultus, perfect passive participle of colō (“till, cultivate, to grow, worship”) (related to colōnus and colōnia), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷel- (“to move; to turn (around)”).
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈkʌlt͡ʃə/
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈkʌlt͡ʃɚ/
- Hyphenation: cul‧ture
- Rhymes: -ʌltʃə(ɹ)
culture (countable and uncountable, plural cultures)
- The arts, customs, lifestyles, background, and habits that characterize humankind, or a particular society or nation.
1981, William Irwin Thompson, The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture, London: Rider/Hutchinson & Co., page 125:
Castration of bulls was a socialization process that turned a bull into an ox; in this transformation something wild became something very useful; nature became culture.
2013 September 7, “Farming as rocket science”, in The Economist[1], volume 408, number 8852:
Such differences of history and culture have lingering consequences. Almost all the corn and soyabeans grown in America are genetically modified. GM crops are barely tolerated in the European Union. Both America and Europe offer farmers indefensible subsidies, but with different motives.
- The beliefs, values, behaviour, and material objects that constitute a people's way of life.
1882, Matthew Arnold, “Sweetness and Light”, in Culture and Anarchy:
I condemn neither way; but culture works differently. It does not try to teach down to the level of inferior classes; it does not try to win them for this or that sect of its own, with ready-made judgments and watchwords. It seeks to do away with classes; to make the best that has been thought and known in the world current everywhere; […]
- The conventional conducts and ideologies of a community; the system comprising the accepted norms and values of a society.
2012 March-April, Jan Sapp, “Race Finished”, in American Scientist[2], volume 100, number 2, archived from the original on 5 September 2015, page 164:
Few concepts are as emotionally charged as that of race. The word conjures up a mixture of associations—culture, ethnicity, genetics, subjugation, exclusion and persecution.
- (anthropology) Any knowledge passed from one generation to the next, not necessarily with respect to human beings.
- (botany, agriculture) Cultivation.
- http://counties.cce.cornell.edu/suffolk/grownet/flowers/sprgbulb.htm
- The Culture of Spring-Flowering Bulbs
- http://counties.cce.cornell.edu/suffolk/grownet/flowers/sprgbulb.htm
- (microbiology) The process of growing a bacterial or other biological entity in an artificial medium.
- The growth thus produced.
I'm headed to the lab to make sure my cell culture hasn't died.
- A group of bacteria.
- (cartography) The details on a map that do not represent natural features of the area delineated, such as names and the symbols for towns, roads, meridians, and parallels.
- (archaeology) Ellipsis of archaeological culture (“recurring assemblage of artifacts from a specific time and place that may constitute the material culture remains of a particular past human society”).
- (euphemistic) Ethnicity, race (and its associated arts, customs, etc.)
- acculture
- adult third culture kid
- algaculture
- anticulture
- aquaculture
- archaeological culture
- astaciculture
- aviculture
- biculture
- bioculture
- bro culture
- callout culture
- call-out culture
- cancel culture
- canteen culture
- cassette culture
- Cemetery H culture
- coculture
- coffee culture
- compensation culture
- conculture
- coproculture
- counterculture
- counter culture
- cringe culture
- cryoculture
- culturability
- culturable
- culturagram
- culturati
- culturcide
- culture-bound
- culturecide
- culture-fair
- cultureful
- culture god, culture-god
- culture hero, culture-hero
- culture-historical
- culturejack
- culture-jack
- culture jamming
- cultureless
- culturelike
- culturemaker
- culture maker
- cultureme
- culture medium
- culture of death
- culturescape
- cultureshed
- culture victory
- culture vulture
- culture war
- cultureware
- culture warrior
- culturewide
- culturewise
- culturgen
- culturicide
- culturism
- culturist
- culturize
- culturocide
- culturology
- culturome
- culturomics
- cyberculture
- dark culture
- deculture
- dependency culture
- drinking culture
- ecoculture
- electroculture
- enculturation
- enculture
- ethnoculture
- fishculture
- folk culture
- fruticulture
- geoculture
- haemoculture
- haute culture
- hemoculture
- herpetoculture
- high-context culture
- high context culture
- high culture
- histoculture
- homoculture
- horticulture
- hydroculture
- hyperculture
- iatroculture
- idioculture
- inculture
- interculture
- K-culture
- lad culture
- Liaoning bronze dagger culture
- like-cultured
- long-hours culture
- low-context culture
- low context culture
- Lower Xiajiadian culture
- macroculture
- man of culture
- mass culture
- metaculture
- microculture
- micro-culture
- miniculture
- monoculture
- mosaiculture
- multiculture
- mycoculture
- my culture is not your costume
- myeloculture
- narcoculture
- natureculture
- neoculture
- neuroculture
- nonculture
- nonmaterial culture
- occulture
- Okhotsk culture
- olericulture
- oligoculture
- organoculture
- ostreiculture
- outrage culture
- overculture
- palace of culture
- permaculture
- petroculture
- physical culture
- physiculture
- pisciculture
- polyculture
- pop culture
- popular culture
- porciculture
- preculture
- protoculture
- pyroculture
- rape culture
- reculture
- reverse culture shock
- sand culture
- Sang culture
- security culture
- self-culture
- silviculture
- subculture
- superculture
- technoculture
- tetraculture
- third culture kid
- tiki culture
- tissue culture
- triculture
- uberculture
- unculture
- underculture
- Upper Xiajiadian culture
- ur-culture
- urinoculture
- vermiculture
- viticulture
- vulture culture
- xenoculture
- zooculture
- Tok Pisin: kalsa
arts, customs and habits
- Afrikaans: kultuur (af)
- Albanian: rrethanë (sq) f, doke (sq), kulturë (sq) f,
- American Sign Language: C@NearFinger-PalmForwardHandUp-1@CenterChesthigh-FingerUp RoundHoriz C@NearFinger-PalmBackHandUp-1@CenterChesthigh-FingerUp
- Amharic: ባህል m (bahl)
- Arabic: ثَقَافَة (ar) f (ṯaqāfa)
- Aramaic:
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܡܲܪܕܘܼܬܵܐ f (mardūtā)
- Armenian: մշակույթ (hy) (mšakuytʻ)
- Assamese: সংস্কৃতি (xoṅskriti)
- Asturian: cultura (ast)
- Azerbaijani: mədəniyyət (az)
- Bashkir: мәҙәниәт (məźəniət)
- Belarusian: культу́ра (be) f (kulʹtúra)
- Bengali: সংস্কৃতি (bn) (śoṅskriti), রসম (bn) (rośom), রেওয়াজ (bn) (reōẇaj), তমদ্দুন (bn) (tomoddun)
- Breton: sevenadur (br) m
- Bulgarian: култу́ра (bg) f (kultúra)
- Burmese: ယဉ်ကျေးမှု (my) (yanykye:hmu.)
- Buryat: соёл (sojol)
- Carpathian Rusyn: култу́ра f (kultúra)
- Catalan: cultura (ca) f
- Chechen: оьздангалла (özdangalla)
- Chinese:
- Chuvash: культура (kulʹtura)
- Coptic: ⲓⲉⲃⲟⲩⲱⲓ m (iebouōi)
- Czech: kultura (cs) f
- Danish: kultur (da)
- Dhivehi: ސަގާފަތު (sagāfatu)
- Dutch: cultuur (nl) f
- Esperanto: kulturo
- Estonian: kultuur
- Extremaduran: coltura f
- Faroese: mentan f, mentir f pl, (rare) mentun f
- Finnish: kulttuuri (fi)
- French: culture (fr) f
- Frisian:
- Galician: cultura (gl) f
- Georgian: კულტურა (ka) (ḳulṭura)
- German: Kultur (de) f
- Bavarian: Kuitua
- Greek: πολιτισμός (el) m (politismós)
- Guarani:
- Gujarati: સંસ્કૃતિ f (sãskŕti)
- Haitian Creole: kilti
- Hawaiian: nā ʻike a me nā hana
- Hebrew: תַּרְבּוּת (he) f (tarbút)
- Hindi: संस्कृति (hi) f (sanskŕti)
- Hungarian: kultúra (hu)
- Icelandic: menning (is) f
- Ido: kulturo (io)
- Indonesian: budaya (id)
- Ingrian: kulttuura
- Interlingua: cultura f
- Irish: cultúr m
- Italian: cultura (it) f
- Japanese: 文化 (ja) (ぶんか, bunka), カルチャー (ja) (karuchā)
- Kalmyk: сойл (soyl)
- Kannada: ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತಿ (kn) (saṃskṛti)
- Kazakh: мәдениет (kk) (mädeniet)
- Khmer: វប្បធម៌ (km) (vŏəppaʼthɔə)
- Korean: 문화(文化) (ko) (munhwa)
- Kurdish:
- Kyrgyz: маданият (ky) (madaniyat)
- Lao: ວັດທະນະທຳ (lo) (wat tha na tham)
- Latin: cultūra f
- Latvian: kultūra f
- Ligurian: coltûa
- Lithuanian: kultūra (lt) f
- Low German: kultur
- Lü: ᦞᧆᦒᦓᦱᦒᧄ (vadthnaatham)
- Macedonian: култу́ра f (kultúra)
- Malagasy: kolontsaina (mg), fomba (mg)
- Malay: budaya (ms)
- Malayalam: സംസ്ക്കാരം (ml) (saṁskkāraṁ)
- Maltese: kultura f
- Māori: ahurea, tikanga
- Marathi: संस्कृती (sauskŕtī)
- Mongolian:
- Nahuatl: cultura f
- Navajo: éʼélʼį́
- Nepali: संस्कृति (ne) (sanskr̥ti)
- Norman: tchulteure f (France), tchututhe f (Jersey)
- Norwegian:
- Occitan: cultura (oc) f
- Odia: ସଂସ୍କୃତି (or) (saṁskruti)
- Pashto: کلتور m (kultur), ثقافت (ps) m (saqāfat), فرهنګ m (farhang), کلچر m (kalčar)
- Persian:
- Polish: kultura (pl) f, obyczajowość
- Portuguese: cultura (pt) f
- Punjabi:
- Romanian: cultură (ro) f
- Russian: культу́ра (ru) f (kulʹtúra)
- Sanskrit: संस्कृति (sa) f (saṃskṛti)
- Scots: cultur
- Scottish Gaelic: dualchas m, cultar m
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Sicilian: curtura f
- Sinhalese: සංස්කෘතිය (si) (saṁskr̥tiya)
- Slovak: kultúra f
- Slovene: kultura (sl) f
- Somali: dhaqan
- Spanish: cultura (es) f
- Swahili: utamaduni (sw)
- Swedish: kultur (sv) c
- Tagalog: kultura, kalinangan (tl)
- Tajik: фарҳанг (tg) (farhang), маданият (tg) (madaniyat), култура (kultura)
- Tamil: பண்பாடு (ta) (paṇpāṭu), கலாச்சாரம் (ta) (kalāccāram)
- Tatar: мәдәният (tt) (mädäniyät)
- Telugu: సంస్కృతి (te) (saṁskr̥ti)
- Thai: วัฒนธรรม (th) (wát-tá-ná-tam)
- Tibetan: རིག་གནས (rig gnas)
- Tigrinya: ባህሊ (bahli)
- Tok Pisin: kalsa, pasin tumbuna
- Turkish: kültür (tr), hars (tr)
- Ottoman Turkish: مدنیت (medeniyyet)
- Turkmen: medeniýet
- Udmurt: лулчеберет (lulćeberet)
- Ukrainian: культу́ра (uk) f (kulʹtúra)
- Urdu: ثَقافَت f (saqāfat), فَرْہَن٘گ f (farhaṅg), تَہْذِیب (ur) f (tahzīb)
- Uyghur: مەدەنىيەت (medeniyet)
- Uzbek: madaniyat (uz)
- Cyrillic: маданият (madaniyat)
- Vietnamese: văn hoá (vi) (文化)
- Vilamovian: kultür
- Welsh: diwylliant (cy) m
- Yiddish: קולטור f (kultur)
- Zazaki: kultur (diq), ferheng (diq), edet (diq)
- Zhuang: vwnzva
the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
- Albanian: kulturë (sq) f
- American Sign Language: C@NearFinger-PalmForwardHandUp-1@CenterChesthigh-FingerUp RoundHoriz C@NearFinger-PalmBackHandUp-1@CenterChesthigh-FingerUp
- Arabic: ثَقَافَة (ar) (ṯaqāfa)
- Aramaic:
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܡܲܪܕܘܼܬܵܐ f (mardūtā)
- Bashkir: мәҙәниәт (məźəniət)
- Belarusian: культу́ра (be) f (kulʹtúra)
- Bulgarian: култу́ра (bg) f (kultúra)
- Danish: kultur (da) c
- Finnish: kulttuuri (fi)
- German: Kultur (de) f
- Bavarian: Kuitua
- Greek: πολιτισμός (el) m (politismós), νοοτροπία (el) f (nootropía)
- Hebrew: תַּרְבּוּת (he) f (tarbút)
- Hindi: संस्कृति (hi) f (sanskŕti)
- Hungarian: kultúra (hu)
- Kalmyk: сойл (soyl)
- Khmer: វប្បធម៌ (km) (vŏəppaʼthɔə)
- Malagasy: finoana (mg)
- Māori: ahurea, tikanga
- Norwegian:
- Ojibwa:
- Northwestern Ojibwa: anishinaabekaa
- Persian:
- Polish: kultura (pl) f
- Portuguese: cultura (pt) f
- Romanian: cultură (ro) f
- Russian: культу́ра (ru) f (kulʹtúra)
- Scottish Gaelic: cultar m
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Sicilian: curtura f
- Swedish: kultur (sv) c
- Tagalog: kultura, pamumuhay
- Telugu: సంస్కృతి (te) (saṁskr̥ti), సంప్రదాయము (te) (sampradāyamu)
- Tok Pisin: kalsa, pasin tumbuna
- Turkish: kültür (tr)
- Yiddish: קולטור f (kultur)
the collective noun for a group of bacteria
- Belarusian: культу́ра (be) f (kulʹtúra)
- Bulgarian: култу́ра (bg) f (kultúra)
- Finnish: kasvusto (fi)
- Greek: καλλιέργεια (el) f (kalliérgeia)
- Hungarian: kultúra (hu)
- Macedonian: култу́ра f (kultúra)
- Portuguese: cultura (pt) f
- Romanian: cultură (ro) f
- Russian: культу́ра (ru) f (kulʹtúra)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Sicilian: curtura f
- Swedish: kultur (sv) c
- Telugu: సూక్ష్మ జీవులు (sūkṣma jīvulu)
- Turkish: kültür (tr)
- Ukrainian: культу́ра (uk) f (kulʹtúra)
culture (third-person singular simple present cultures, present participle culturing, simple past and past participle cultured)
- (transitive) to maintain in an environment suitable for growth (especially of bacteria) (compare cultivate)
- (transitive) to increase the artistic or scientific interest (in something) (compare cultivate)
to maintain in an environment suitable for growth
- Bulgarian: култиви́рам (bg) (kultivíram)
- Czech: kultivovat
- Finnish: viljellä (fi)
- French: cultiver (fr)
- Greek: καλλιεργώ (el) (kalliergó)
- Italian: coltivare (it)
- Macedonian: одгледува (odgleduva)
- Portuguese: cultivar (pt)
- Romanian: cultiva (ro)
- Spanish: cultivar (es)
- Telugu: అనుకూల వాతావరణం (anukūla vātāvaraṇaṁ)
- “culture”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
- culture in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
- Raymond Williams (1983), “Culture”, in Keywords: A Vocabulary of Culture and Society, revised American edition, New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, published 1985, →ISBN, page 87.
- William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “culture”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
Borrowed from Latin cultūra (“cultivation; culture”), from cultus, perfect passive participle of colō (“till, cultivate, worship”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷel- (“to move; to turn (around)”).
culture f (plural cultures)
- “culture”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012
culture f (plural culturis)
culture f
cultūre
culture
- alternative form of culter
culture
- inflection of culturar:
