Quadrangular castle

A quadrangular castle or courtyard castle is a type of castle characterised by ranges of buildings which are integral with the curtain walls, enclosing a central ward or quadrangle, and typically with angle towers. There is no keep and frequently no distinct gatehouse. The quadrangular form predominantly dates from the mid to late fourteenth century and signals the transition from defensively to domestically oriented great houses. The four walls are also known as ranges.

Quadrangular castles typically display a sophisticated and complex approach to the planning of internal social spaces.[1][2] There are many quadrangular castles around the UK, for example: Bodiam Castle in East Sussex, and Bolton Castle.

The 27 quadrangular castles identified by John Rickard as being built in England consist roughly 10% of the castles built in the country between 1272 and 1422. No castles of this design were built in Wales.[3]

One of the earliest quadrangular castles in Germany is Neuleiningen, of which substantial ruins remain.

Name Location Coordinates Constructed Built for Designed by Heritage status Image Beverston Castle Cotswold 51°38′39″N 2°12′05″W / 51.6442°N 2.20139°W 1225 Maurice de Gaunt
Thomas de Berkeley, 3rd Baron Berkeley anonymous Grade I listed building
scheduled monument

Beverston Castle.jpg

Bodiam Castle East Sussex 51°00′08″N 0°32′37″E / 51.00226°N 0.54353°E 1385 Edward Dalyngrigge anonymous Grade I listed building
scheduled monument

Bodiam-castle-10My8-1197.jpg

Bolton Castle Richmondshire 54°19′20″N 1°57′00″W / 54.3221°N 1.94991°W 1379 Richard le Scrope, 1st Baron Scrope of Bolton John Lewyn Grade I listed building
scheduled monument

Bolton Castle.JPG

Caverswall Castle Staffordshire Moorlands 52°58′57″N 2°04′29″W / 52.9826°N 2.0746°W 1275 William de Caverswall anonymous Grade I listed building

Caverswall Castle.jpg

Cawood Castle Selby 53°49′53″N 1°07′40″W / 53.8313°N 1.1278°W 1378 John Kemp anonymous Grade I listed building
scheduled monument

Cawood Castle.jpg

Chideock Castle Dorset 50°44′03″N 2°49′06″W / 50.7343°N 2.81825°W 1370s Sir John Chideock anonymous scheduled monument Chillingham Castle Northumberland 55°31′34″N 1°54′18″W / 55.526°N 1.905°W 1344 Sir Thomas Heton anonymous Grade I listed building

Chillingham Castle.jpg

Cooling Castle Medway 51°27′20″N 0°31′22″E / 51.4555°N 0.522732°E 1380s John de Cobham, 3rd Baron Cobham Henry Yevele Grade I listed building
scheduled monument

Cooling Castle, 2011.jpg

Danby Castle North Yorkshire 54°27′20″N 0°53′43″W / 54.4555°N 0.895197°W 1302 William Latimer, 1st Lord Latimer anonymous Grade I listed building
scheduled monument

Danby Castle 1.jpg

Farleigh Hungerford Castle Mendip 51°19′03″N 2°17′13″W / 51.3174°N 2.2869°W 1383 Thomas Hungerford anonymous Grade I listed building
scheduled monument

Farleigh Hungerford Castle gate.JPG

Ford Castle Northumberland 55°37′53″N 2°05′25″W / 55.6314°N 2.09025°W 1338 Sir William Heron anonymous Grade I listed building

Ford Castle - geograph.org.uk - 365306.jpg

Fyvie Castle Aberdeenshire 57°26′36″N 2°23′42″W / 57.4433°N 2.3949°W 1300s anonymous anonymous category A listed building

Fyvie Castle, Geograph.jpg

Greys Court South Oxfordshire 51°32′42″N 0°57′22″W / 51.545°N 0.956164°W 1348 John de Grey, 2nd Baron Grey de Rotherfield
Francis Knollys, 1st Viscount Knollys
Baron Lovel anonymous Grade I listed building
scheduled monument

Greys Court.jpg

Greystoke Castle Eden
Cumbria 54°40′12″N 2°52′37″W / 54.66998°N 2.87705°W 1353 William de Greystoke, 2nd Baron Greystoke anonymous Grade II* listed building

Greystoke Castle.jpg

Hartley Castle Cumbria 54°28′09″N 2°20′12″W / 54.4691°N 2.33655°W 1353 Thomas de Musgrave
Sir Richard Musgrave, 1st Baronet anonymous scheduled monument
Grade II listed building

Hartley Castle.jpg

Hemyock Castle Mid Devon 50°54′45″N 3°13′54″W / 50.9125°N 3.23156°W 1380 Margaret and William Asthorpe anonymous scheduled monument
Grade II* listed building

Hemyock Castle - geograph.org.uk - 1491334.jpg

Hever Castle Hever 51°11′13″N 0°06′50″E / 51.186944°N 0.113889°E 1271 William de Hever anonymous Grade I listed building

Hever Castle.jpg

Inverlochy Castle Highland 56°49′57″N 5°04′52″W / 56.8326°N 5.081°W 1270s Clan Cumming anonymous category B listed building

Inverlochy 1.jpg

Lumley Castle County Durham 54°51′17″N 1°33′11″W / 54.8547°N 1.55293°W 1389 Ralph de Lumley, 1st Baron Lumley John Lewyn
John Vanbrugh Grade I listed building

Lumley Castle Hotel - geograph.org.uk - 579104.jpg

Maxstoke Castle Warwickshire 52°29′58″N 1°40′18″W / 52.4994°N 1.67167°W 1345 William de Clinton, 1st Earl of Huntingdon anonymous Grade I listed building
scheduled monument

Maxstoke Castle, 2010.jpg

Moor End Castle Northamptonshire 52°05′42″N 0°54′01″W / 52.0949°N 0.900155°W 1347 Edward III of England
Thomas de Ferrers anonymous scheduled monument Raby Castle County Durham 54°35′27″N 1°48′06″W / 54.59092°N 1.80175°W 1378 House of Neville John Lewyn Grade I listed building

Raby Castle - geograph.org.uk - 1523038.jpg

Ravensworth Castle Tyne and Wear 54°55′34″N 1°38′18″W / 54.9262°N 1.6384°W 1350s Marmaduke Lumley anonymous Grade II* listed building
scheduled monument

Ravensworth Castle - geograph.org.uk - 1558897.jpg

Sheriff Hutton Castle North Yorkshire
Ryedale 54°05′17″N 1°00′19″W / 54.0881°N 1.00519°W 1382 John Neville, 3rd Baron Neville de Raby John Lewyn Grade II* listed building
scheduled monument

Sheriff hutton castle.jpg

Shirburn Castle South Oxfordshire 51°39′27″N 0°59′38″W / 51.6576°N 0.9938°W 1377 Warin de Lisle Henry Yevele Grade I listed building

Shirburn-cropped.jpg

Somerton Castle North Kesteven 53°07′03″N 0°34′34″W / 53.1174°N 0.57616°W 1281 Antony Bek anonymous Grade I listed building
scheduled monument

Somerton Castle-Geograph-1055605-by-Richard-Croft.jpg

Starborough Castle Surrey 51°10′42″N 0°02′19″E / 51.1783°N 0.0386396°E 1341 Reginald de Cobham, 1st Baron Cobham anonymous scheduled monument
Grade II* listed building

Starborough Castle.jpg

Sudeley Castle Gloucestershire 51°33′54″N 1°34′20″W / 51.5650°N 1.5722°W 1443 Ralph Boteler, 1st Baron Sudeley anonymous Grade I listed building

Sudeley Castle from the Cotswolds Way.jpg

Westenhanger Castle Kent
Shepway 51°05′40″N 1°01′53″E / 51.0944°N 1.03144°E 1343 John de Criol
Edward Poynings anonymous scheduled monument
Grade I listed building

Westenhanger Castle - geograph.org.uk - 889584.jpg

Wingfield Castle Mid Suffolk 52°20′52″N 1°15′41″E / 52.3479°N 1.2614°E 1384 Michael de la Pole, 1st Earl of Suffolk anonymous Grade I listed building

Wingfield Castle - geograph.org.uk - 354164.jpg

Woodcroft Castle Cambridgeshire 52°37′35″N 0°19′02″W / 52.6263°N 0.3172°W 1280 anonymous anonymous Grade II* listed building

WoodcroftCastle.jpg

Woodsford Castle Dorset 50°42′45″N 2°20′38″W / 50.7126°N 2.34389°W 1336 William de Whitefield
Guy de Bryan, 1st Baron Bryan anonymous Grade I listed building

Woodsford Castle - geograph.org.uk - 924711.jpg

Wressle Castle East Riding of Yorkshire 53°46′32″N 0°55′45″W / 53.7755°N 0.929291°W 1390s Thomas Percy, 1st Earl of Worcester
Henry Percy, 5th Earl of Northumberland John Lewyn Grade I listed building
scheduled monument

Wressle-Castle-29042011.jpg