Referring to `BaseObject` instances using standard C++ smart pointers
can interfere with BaseObject’s own cleanup mechanisms
(explicit delete, delete-on-GC and delete-on-cleanup).

Introducing custom smart pointers allows referring to `BaseObject`s
safely while keeping those mechanisms intact.

Refs: nodejs/quic#141
Refs: nodejs/quic#149
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>

Backport-PR-URL: #32301
PR-URL: #30374
Refs: nodejs/quic#165
Reviewed-By: David Carlier <devnexen@gmail.com>

This allows keeping `BaseObjectPtr`s to `HandleWrap` instances.
Previously, the pointer kept the `HandleWrap` object alive, leaving
the Environment cleanup code that waits for the handle list to drain
in a busy loop, because only the `HandleWrap` destructor removed
the item from the list.

Refs: nodejs/quic#165
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Daniel Bevenius <daniel.bevenius@gmail.com>

Backport-PR-URL: #32301
PR-URL: #30374
Refs: nodejs/quic#141
Refs: nodejs/quic#149
Refs: nodejs/quic#141
Reviewed-By: David Carlier <devnexen@gmail.com>

This was overlooked in a489583.

Refs: #30374

Backport-PR-URL: #32301
PR-URL: #30666
Fixes: #30643
Reviewed-By: Rich Trott <rtrott@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>

This is in preparation for running native `SetImmediate()`
callbacks during shutdown.

Backport-PR-URL: #32301
PR-URL: #30666
Fixes: #30643
Refs: #30374
Reviewed-By: Rich Trott <rtrott@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>

Guard against running `SetImmediate()` from the destructor.
The object will not be alive or usable in the callback,
so it does not make sense to attempt to schedule the
`SetImmediate()`.

Backport-PR-URL: #32301
PR-URL: #30666
Fixes: #30643
Refs: #30374
Reviewed-By: Rich Trott <rtrott@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>

This can be necessary, because some parts of the Node.js code base
perform cleanup operations in the Immediate callbacks, e.g. HTTP/2.

This resolves flakiness in an HTTP/2 test that failed when a
`SetImmediate()` callback was not run or destroyed before the
`Environment` destructor started, because that callback held a
strong reference to the `Http2Session` object and the expectation
was that no such objects exist once the `Environment` constructor
starts.

Another, slightly more direct, alternative would have
been to clear the immediate queue rather than to run it. However,
this approach seems to make more sense as code generally assumes
that the `SetImmediate()` callback will always run; For example,
N-API uses an immediate callback to call buffer finalization
callbacks.

Unref’ed immediates are skipped, as the expectation is generally
that they may not run anyway.

Fixes: #30643

Backport-PR-URL: #32301
PR-URL: #30666
Refs: #30374
Reviewed-By: Rich Trott <rtrott@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>

Refactor for clarity and reusability. Make it more obvious that the
list is a FIFO queue.

Backport-PR-URL: #32301
PR-URL: #31386
Refs: openjs-foundation/summit#240
Reviewed-By: Gireesh Punathil <gpunathi@in.ibm.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Rich Trott <rtrott@gmail.com>

There is no real reason to manage a count manually, given that
checking whether there are C++ callbacks is a single pointer
comparison.

This makes it easier to add other kinds of native C++ callbacks
that are managed in a similar way.

Backport-PR-URL: #32301
PR-URL: #31386
Refs: openjs-foundation/summit#240
Reviewed-By: Gireesh Punathil <gpunathi@in.ibm.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Rich Trott <rtrott@gmail.com>

Add a variant of `SetImmediate()` that can be called from any thread.
This allows removing the `AsyncRequest` abstraction and replaces it
with a more generic mechanism.

Backport-PR-URL: #32301
PR-URL: #31386
Refs: openjs-foundation/summit#240
Reviewed-By: Gireesh Punathil <gpunathi@in.ibm.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Rich Trott <rtrott@gmail.com>

Remove `AsyncRequest` from the source code, and replace its
usage with threadsafe `SetImmediate()` calls. This has the
advantage of being able to pass in any function, rather than
one that is defined when the `AsyncRequest` is “installed”.

This necessitates two changes:

- The stopping flag (which was only used in one case and ignored
  in the other) is now a direct member of the `Environment` class.
- Workers no longer have their own libuv handles, requiring
  manual management of their libuv ref count.

As a drive-by fix, the `can_call_into_js` variable was turned
into an atomic variable. While there have been no bug reports,
the flag is set from `Stop(env)` calls, which are supposed to
be possible from any thread.

Backport-PR-URL: #32301
PR-URL: #31386
Refs: openjs-foundation/summit#240
Reviewed-By: Gireesh Punathil <gpunathi@in.ibm.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Rich Trott <rtrott@gmail.com>

Allow doing what V8’s `v8::Isolate::RequestInterrupt()` does for V8.
This also works when there is no JS code currently executing.

Backport-PR-URL: #32301
PR-URL: #31386
Refs: openjs-foundation/summit#240
Reviewed-By: Gireesh Punathil <gpunathi@in.ibm.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Rich Trott <rtrott@gmail.com>

This is a) the right thing to do anyway because these functions
can not be inlined by the compiler and b) avoids compilation warnings
in the following commit.

Backport-PR-URL: #32301
PR-URL: #31386
Refs: openjs-foundation/summit#240
Reviewed-By: Gireesh Punathil <gpunathi@in.ibm.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Rich Trott <rtrott@gmail.com>

Include a report for each sub-Worker of the current Node.js instance.

This adds a feature that is necessary for eventually making the report
feature stable, as was discussed during the last collaborator summit.

Refs: openjs-foundation/summit#240

Backport-PR-URL: #32301
PR-URL: #31386
Reviewed-By: Gireesh Punathil <gpunathi@in.ibm.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Rich Trott <rtrott@gmail.com>

Make `SetImmediate()` behave more like `process.nextTick()`
(which matches how we use it) by also running tasks that have been
added during previous `SetImmediate()` calls.

Backport-PR-URL: #32301
PR-URL: #31502
Reviewed-By: Yongsheng Zhang <zyszys98@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: David Carlier <devnexen@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Rich Trott <rtrott@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Minwoo Jung <nodecorelab@gmail.com>

de2c68c moved this call to
the destructor, under the assumption that that would essentially
be equivalent to running it as part of the callback since the
worker would be destroyed along with the callback.

However, the actual code in
`Environment::RunAndClearNativeImmediates()` comes with the subtlety
that testing whether a JS exception has been thrown
happens between the invocation of the callback and its destruction,
leaving a possible exception from `JoinThread()` potentially
unhandled (and unintentionally silenced through the `TryCatch`).

This affected exceptions thrown from the `'exit'` event of the
Worker, and made the `parallel/test-worker-message-type-unknown`
test flaky, as the invalid message was sometimes only received
during the Worker thread’s exit handler.

Fix this by moving the `JoinThread()` call back to where it was
before.

Refs: #31386

Backport-PR-URL: #32301
PR-URL: #31468
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Gireesh Punathil <gpunathi@in.ibm.com>

Prevent mistakes like the one fixed by the previous commit
by destroying the callback immediately after it has been called.

Backport-PR-URL: #32301
PR-URL: #31468
Refs: #31386
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Gireesh Punathil <gpunathi@in.ibm.com>

Fix the condition for deleting the underlying data pointed to by
a `BaseObjectWeakPtr`, which erroneously skipped that deletion
when `ptr->get()` was `nullptr`. This fixes a memory leak reported
by some of the tests.

Refs: #30374 (comment)

Backport-PR-URL: #32301
PR-URL: #32393
Reviewed-By: Matheus Marchini <mat@mmarchini.me>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>