…n, r=dtolnay

Broaden the consequences of recursive TLS initialization

This PR updates the documentation of `LocalKey` to clearly disallow the behaviour described in [this comment](rust-lang#110897 (comment)). This allows using `OnceCell` for the lazy initialization of TLS variables, which panics on reentrant initialization instead of updating the value like TLS variables currently do.

`@rustbot` label +T-libs-api
r? `@m-ou-se`

Rollup merge of rust-lang#116172 - joboet:recursive_tls_initialization, r=dtolnay

Broaden the consequences of recursive TLS initialization

This PR updates the documentation of `LocalKey` to clearly disallow the behaviour described in [this comment](rust-lang#110897 (comment)). This allows using `OnceCell` for the lazy initialization of TLS variables, which panics on reentrant initialization instead of updating the value like TLS variables currently do.

``@rustbot`` label +T-libs-api
r? ``@m-ou-se``

Pkgsrc changes:
 * Adjust patches and cargo checksums to new versions.
 * For an external LLVM, set dependency of llvm >= 16, in accordance
   with the upstream changes.
 * Mark that on NetBSD we now need >= 9.0, so 8.x is no longer supported.
 * On NetBSD/sparc64 10.x, we now need GCC 12 to build the embedded
   LLVM, which is version 17; apparently GCC 10.4 or 10.5 mis-compiles it,
   resulting in an illegal instruction fault during the build.
   Ref. rust-lang/rust#117231

Upstream changes:

Version 1.75.0 (2023-12-28)
==========================

- [Stabilize `async fn` and return-position `impl Trait` in traits.]
  (rust-lang/rust#115822)
- [Allow function pointer signatures containing `&mut T` in `const` contexts.]
  (rust-lang/rust#116015)
- [Match `usize`/`isize` exhaustively with half-open ranges.]
  (rust-lang/rust#116692)
- [Guarantee that `char` has the same size and alignment as `u32`.]
  (rust-lang/rust#116894)
- [Document that the null pointer has the 0 address.]
  (rust-lang/rust#116988)
- [Allow partially moved values in `match`.]
  (rust-lang/rust#103208)
- [Add notes about non-compliant FP behavior on 32bit x86 targets.]
  (rust-lang/rust#113053)
- [Stabilize ratified RISC-V target features.]
  (rust-lang/rust#116485)

Compiler
--------

- [Rework negative coherence to properly consider impls that only
  partly overlap.] (rust-lang/rust#112875)
- [Bump `COINDUCTIVE_OVERLAP_IN_COHERENCE` to deny, and warn in dependencies.]
  (rust-lang/rust#116493)
- [Consider alias bounds when computing liveness in NLL.]
  (rust-lang/rust#116733)
- [Add the V (vector) extension to the `riscv64-linux-android` target spec.]
  (rust-lang/rust#116618)
- [Automatically enable cross-crate inlining for small functions]
  (rust-lang/rust#116505)
- Add several new tier 3 targets:
    - [`csky-unknown-linux-gnuabiv2hf`]
      (rust-lang/rust#117049)
    - [`i586-unknown-netbsd`]
      (rust-lang/rust#117170)
    - [`mipsel-unknown-netbsd`]
      (rust-lang/rust#117356)

Refer to Rust's [platform support page][platform-support-doc]
for more information on Rust's tiered platform support.

Libraries
---------

- [Override `Waker::clone_from` to avoid cloning `Waker`s unnecessarily.]
  (rust-lang/rust#96979)
- [Implement `BufRead` for `VecDeque<u8>`.]
  (rust-lang/rust#110604)
- [Implement `FusedIterator` for `DecodeUtf16` when the inner iterator does.]
  (rust-lang/rust#110729)
- [Implement `Not, Bit{And,Or}{,Assign}` for IP addresses.]
  (rust-lang/rust#113747)
- [Implement `Default` for `ExitCode`.]
  (rust-lang/rust#114589)
- [Guarantee representation of None in NPO]
  (rust-lang/rust#115333)
- [Document when atomic loads are guaranteed read-only.]
  (rust-lang/rust#115577)
- [Broaden the consequences of recursive TLS initialization.]
  (rust-lang/rust#116172)
- [Windows: Support sub-millisecond sleep.]
  (rust-lang/rust#116461)
- [Fix generic bound of `str::SplitInclusive`'s `DoubleEndedIterator` impl]
  (rust-lang/rust#100806)
- [Fix exit status / wait status on non-Unix `cfg(unix)` platforms.]
  (rust-lang/rust#115108)

Stabilized APIs
---------------

- [`Atomic*::from_ptr`]
  (https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/core/sync/atomic/struct.AtomicUsize.html#method.from_ptr)
- [`FileTimes`]
  (https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/fs/struct.FileTimes.html)
- [`FileTimesExt`]
  (https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/os/windows/fs/trait.FileTimesExt.html)
- [`File::set_modified`]
  (https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/fs/struct.File.html#method.set_modified)
- [`File::set_times`]
  (https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/fs/struct.File.html#method.set_times)
- [`IpAddr::to_canonical`]
  (https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/core/net/enum.IpAddr.html#method.to_canonical)
- [`Ipv6Addr::to_canonical`]
  (https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/core/net/struct.Ipv6Addr.html#method.to_canonical)
- [`Option::as_slice`]
  (https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/core/option/enum.Option.html#method.as_slice)
- [`Option::as_mut_slice`]
  (https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/core/option/enum.Option.html#method.as_mut_slice)
- [`pointer::byte_add`]
  (https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/core/primitive.pointer.html#method.byte_add)
- [`pointer::byte_offset`]
  (https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/core/primitive.pointer.html#method.byte_offset)
- [`pointer::byte_offset_from`]
  (https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/core/primitive.pointer.html#method.byte_offset_from)
- [`pointer::byte_sub`]
  (https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/core/primitive.pointer.html#method.byte_sub)
- [`pointer::wrapping_byte_add`]
  (https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/core/primitive.pointer.html#method.wrapping_byte_add)
- [`pointer::wrapping_byte_offset`]
  (https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/core/primitive.pointer.html#method.wrapping_byte_offset)
- [`pointer::wrapping_byte_sub`]
  (https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/core/primitive.pointer.html#method.wrapping_byte_sub)

These APIs are now stable in const contexts:

- [`Ipv6Addr::to_ipv4_mapped`]
  (https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/core/net/struct.Ipv6Addr.html#method.to_ipv4_mapped)
- [`MaybeUninit::assume_init_read`]
  (https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/core/mem/union.MaybeUninit.html#method.assume_init_read)
- [`MaybeUninit::zeroed`]
  (https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/core/mem/union.MaybeUninit.html#method.zeroed)
- [`mem::discriminant`]
  (https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/core/mem/fn.discriminant.html)
- [`mem::zeroed`]
  (https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/core/mem/fn.zeroed.html)

Cargo
-----

- [Add new packages to `[workspace.members]` automatically.]
  (rust-lang/cargo#12779)
- [Allow version-less `Cargo.toml` manifests.]
  (rust-lang/cargo#12786)
- [Make browser links out of HTML file paths.]
  (rust-lang/cargo#12889)

Rustdoc
-------

- [Accept less invalid Rust in rustdoc.]
  (rust-lang/rust#117450)
- [Document lack of object safety on affected traits.]
  (rust-lang/rust#113241)
- [Hide `#[repr(transparent)]` if it isn't part of the public ABI.]
  (rust-lang/rust#115439)
- [Show enum discriminant if it is a C-like variant.]
  (rust-lang/rust#116142)

Compatibility Notes
-------------------

- [FreeBSD targets now require at least version 12.]
  (rust-lang/rust#114521)
- [Formally demote tier 2 MIPS targets to tier 3.]
  (rust-lang/rust#115238)
- [Make misalignment a hard error in `const` contexts.]
  (rust-lang/rust#115524)
- [Fix detecting references to packed unsized fields.]
  (rust-lang/rust#115583)
- [Remove support for compiler plugins.]
  (rust-lang/rust#116412)