From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bolton Castle , in England
A quadrangular castle or courtyard castle is a type of castle characterised by ranges of buildings which are integral with the curtain walls , enclosing a central ward or quadrangle , and typically with angle towers . There is no keep and frequently no distinct gatehouse . The quadrangular form predominantly dates from the mid to late fourteenth century and signals the transition from defensively to domestically oriented great houses. The four walls are also known as ranges.
Quadrangular castles typically display a sophisticated and complex approach to the planning of internal social spaces.[ 1] [ 2] There are many quadrangular castles around the UK, for example: Bodiam Castle in East Sussex, and Bolton Castle .
The 27 quadrangular castles identified by John Rickard as being built in England consist roughly 10% of the castles built in the country between 1272 and 1422. No castles of this design were built in Wales.[ 3]
One of the earliest quadrangular castles in Germany is Neuleiningen , of which substantial ruins remain.
List of quadrangular castles in the United Kingdom [ edit ]
Name
Location
Coordinates
Constructed
Built for
Designed by
Heritage status
Image
Beverston Castle
Cotswold
51°38′39″N 2°12′05″W / 51.6442°N 2.20139°W
1225
Maurice de Gaunt Thomas de Berkeley, 3rd Baron Berkeley
anonymous
Grade I listed building scheduled monument
Bodiam Castle
East Sussex
51°00′08″N 0°32′37″E / 51.00226°N 0.54353°E
1385
Edward Dalyngrigge
anonymous
Grade I listed building scheduled monument
Bolton Castle
North Yorkshire
54°19′20″N 1°57′00″W / 54.3221°N 1.94991°W
1379
Richard le Scrope, 1st Baron Scrope of Bolton
John Lewyn
Grade I listed building scheduled monument
Caverswall Castle
Staffordshire Moorlands
52°58′57″N 2°04′29″W / 52.9826°N 2.0746°W
1275
William de Caverswall [d ]
anonymous
Grade I listed building
Cawood Castle
North Yorkshire
53°49′53″N 1°07′40″W / 53.8313°N 1.1278°W
1378
John Kemp
anonymous
Grade I listed building scheduled monument
Chideock Castle [d ]
Dorset
50°44′03″N 2°49′06″W / 50.7343°N 2.81825°W
1370s
Sir John Chideock [d ]
anonymous
scheduled monument
Chillingham Castle
Northumberland
55°31′34″N 1°54′18″W / 55.526°N 1.905°W
1344
Sir Thomas Heton [d ]
anonymous
Grade I listed building
Cooling Castle
Medway
51°27′20″N 0°31′22″E / 51.4555°N 0.522732°E
1380s
John de Cobham, 3rd Baron Cobham
Henry Yevele
Grade I listed building scheduled monument
Danby Castle
North Yorkshire
54°27′20″N 0°53′43″W / 54.4555°N 0.895197°W
1302
William Latimer, 1st Lord Latimer [d ]
anonymous
Grade I listed building scheduled monument
Farleigh Hungerford Castle
Somerset
51°19′03″N 2°17′13″W / 51.3174°N 2.2869°W
1383
Thomas Hungerford
anonymous
Grade I listed building scheduled monument
Ford Castle
Northumberland
55°37′53″N 2°05′25″W / 55.6314°N 2.09025°W
1338
Sir William Heron [d ]
anonymous
Grade I listed building
Fyvie Castle
Aberdeenshire
57°26′36″N 2°23′42″W / 57.4433°N 2.3949°W
1300s
anonymous
anonymous
category A listed building
Greys Court
South Oxfordshire
51°32′42″N 0°57′22″W / 51.545°N 0.956164°W
1348
John de Grey, 1st Baron Grey de Rotherfield Francis Knollys, 1st Viscount Knollys Baron Lovel
anonymous
Grade I listed building scheduled monument
Greystoke Castle
Westmorland and Furness
54°40′12″N 2°52′37″W / 54.66998°N 2.87705°W
1353
William de Greystoke, 2nd Baron Greystoke
anonymous
Grade II* listed building
Hartley Castle
Westmorland and Furness
54°28′09″N 2°20′12″W / 54.4691°N 2.33655°W
1353
Thomas de Musgrave [d ] Sir Richard Musgrave, 1st Baronet
anonymous
scheduled monument Grade II listed building
Hemyock Castle
Mid Devon
50°54′45″N 3°13′54″W / 50.9125°N 3.23156°W
1380
Margaret and William Asthorpe
anonymous
scheduled monument Grade II* listed building
Hever Castle
Hever
51°11′13″N 0°06′50″E / 51.186944°N 0.113889°E
1271
William de Hever [d ]
anonymous
Grade I listed building
Inverlochy Castle
Highland
56°49′57″N 5°04′52″W / 56.8326°N 5.081°W
1270s
Clan Cumming
anonymous
category B listed building
Lumley Castle
County Durham
54°51′17″N 1°33′11″W / 54.8547°N 1.55293°W
1389
Ralph de Lumley, 1st Baron Lumley
John LewynJohn Vanbrugh
Grade I listed building
Maxstoke Castle
Warwickshire
52°29′58″N 1°40′18″W / 52.4994°N 1.67167°W
1345
William de Clinton, 1st Earl of Huntingdon
anonymous
Grade I listed building scheduled monument
Moor End Castle
Northamptonshire
52°05′42″N 0°54′01″W / 52.0949°N 0.900155°W
1347
Edward III of England Thomas de Ferrers [d ]
anonymous
scheduled monument
Raby Castle
County Durham
54°35′27″N 1°48′06″W / 54.59092°N 1.80175°W
1378
House of Neville
John Lewyn
Grade I listed building
Ravensworth Castle
Tyne and Wear
54°55′34″N 1°38′18″W / 54.9262°N 1.6384°W
1350s
Marmaduke Lumley
anonymous
Grade II* listed building scheduled monument
Sheriff Hutton Castle
North Yorkshire
54°05′17″N 1°00′19″W / 54.0881°N 1.00519°W
1382
John Neville, 3rd Baron Neville de Raby
John Lewyn
Grade II* listed building scheduled monument
Shirburn Castle
South Oxfordshire
51°39′27″N 0°59′38″W / 51.6576°N 0.9938°W
1377
Warin de Lisle [d ]
Henry Yevele
Grade I listed building
Somerton Castle
North Kesteven
53°07′03″N 0°34′34″W / 53.1174°N 0.57616°W
1281
Antony Bek
anonymous
Grade I listed building scheduled monument
Starborough Castle
Surrey
51°10′42″N 0°02′19″E / 51.1783°N 0.0386396°E
1341
Reginald de Cobham, 1st Baron Cobham
anonymous
scheduled monument Grade II* listed building
Sudeley Castle
Gloucestershire
51°33′54″N 1°34′20″W / 51.5650°N 1.5722°W
1443
Ralph Boteler, 1st Baron Sudeley
anonymous
Grade I listed building
Westenhanger Castle
Kent Shepway
51°05′40″N 1°01′53″E / 51.0944°N 1.03144°E
1343
John de Criol [d ] Edward Poynings
anonymous
scheduled monument Grade I listed building
Wingfield Castle
Mid Suffolk
52°20′52″N 1°15′41″E / 52.3479°N 1.2614°E
1384
Michael de la Pole, 1st Earl of Suffolk
anonymous
Grade I listed building
Woodcroft Castle
Cambridgeshire
52°37′35″N 0°19′02″W / 52.6263°N 0.3172°W
1280
anonymous
anonymous
Grade II* listed building
Woodsford Castle [d ]
Dorset
50°42′45″N 2°20′38″W / 50.7126°N 2.34389°W
1336
William de Whitefield [d ] Guy de Bryan, 1st Baron Bryan
anonymous
Grade I listed building
Wressle Castle
East Riding of Yorkshire
53°46′32″N 0°55′45″W / 53.7755°N 0.929291°W
1390s
Thomas Percy, 1st Earl of Worcester Henry Percy, 5th Earl of Northumberland
John Lewyn
Grade I listed building scheduled monument