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This article is about the defunct Ismaili sub-sect. For the Ismaili Muslim faith overall, see Ismailism.
al-Ismāʿīliyya al-khāliṣa / al-Ismāʿīliyya al-wāqifa[1] or Seveners (Arabic: سبعية) was a branch of Ismā'īlī Shīʻa. They became known as "Seveners" because they believed that Isma'il ibn Jafar was the seventh and the last Imam (hereditary leader of the Muslim community in the direct line of Ali). They believed his son, Muhammad ibn Isma'il, would return and bring about an age of justice as Mahdi. Their most famous and active branch were the Qarmatians.
History, Shia schisms, and Seveners
Branching of Ismā'īlīsm within the Shi'a Islam at a glance. (Note: Kaysani's Imam Hanafiyyah is descendant of Ali from Ali's wife Khawlah, not Fatimah.)
Seveners and the Fatimid dynasty
Sevener and Fatimid Dynasty
List of Imams
| Imām[1]:90 | Sevener al-Ismāʿīliyya al-khāliṣa Imām | Period |
| 1 | Ali - First Ismā'īlī Imām | (632–661) |
| 2 | Hasan ibn Ali - Second Ismā'īlī Imām | (661–669) |
| 3 | Husayn ibn Ali - Third Ismā'īlī Imām | (669–680) |
| 4 | Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin - Fourth Ismā'īlī Imām | (680–713) |
| 5 | Muhammad al-Baqir - Fifth Ismā'īlī Imām | (713–733) |
| 6 | Ja'far al-Sadiq - Sixth Ismā'īlī Imām | (733–765) |
| 7 | Isma'il ibn Jafar - Seventh Ismā'īlī Imām | (765–775) |
Sometimes "Sevener" is used to refer to Ismā'īlīs overall, though mainstream Musta'li and Nizari Isma'ilis have far more than seven imams.
Ismaili imams who were not accepted as legitimate by Seveners
The following Ismaili imams after Mahdi had been considered as heretics of dubious origins by certain Qarmatian groups[2] who refused to acknowledge the imamate of the Fatimids and clung to their belief in the coming of the Mahdi.[3]
- Ahmad al-Wafi (Abadullah) (813-829)
- Muhammad at-Taqi (Ahmed ibn Abadullah) (829-840)
- Radi Abdullah (840-881)
- Abdullah al-Mahdi Billah (881-934) (Founder of Fatimid Caliphate)
See also
- List of extinct Shia sects
- Isma'ilism
References
- ^ a b Daftary, Farhad (2007). Cambridge University (ed.). The Isma'ilis: Their History and Doctrines. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 90. ISBN 978-0-521-42974-0.
- ^ Encyclopedia Iranica, "ʿABDALLĀH B. MAYMŪN AL-QADDĀḤ"
- ^ Encyclopedia Iranica, "THE IMAMATE IN ISMAʿILISM"
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